Blood Imagery in Macbeth Essay - 1451 Words

Macbeth is the ultimate story of a fight between the forces of good and evil. It tells the tale of a tragic hero whose quest for power leads to his ultimate downfall. Macbeth starts out as an honorable warrior but changes when his ambition becomes uncontrollable. As he becomes increasingly paranoid, Macbeth uses violent means to eliminate threats to his Scottish throne. As the play progresses, blood continuously plays a part in the events as the murders become more frequent. William Shakespeare, the author of Macbeth, uses blood imagery to develop Macbeth’s character, create a foil in between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth and to symbolize honor and guilt. Blood imagery serves as a device to develop Macbeth’s character throughout the play.†¦show more content†¦This provides a wide contrast as to his reaction to Duncan’s murder when Macbeth would not return to Duncan’s room because he was horrified by what he had done and feared being reminded of it. Macbeth shows no regret and only anger in the failed murder attempt of Banquo’s son. Afterward, Macbeth longs for even more blood to be shed to secure his ambitions. Macbeth continues in killing, saying, â€Å"It will have blood they say, blood will have blood† (3.4. 124), to justify his increasing number of murders, for he thinks his conscience cannot be relieved.With each murder, Macbeth becomes more brutal, eventually murdering even the innocent wife and children of Macduff. When a frightened servant comes to tell Macbeth of the approach of ten thousand English soldiers, Macbeth is enraged by the servants face, which is pale with fear. He tell s the servant, â€Å"Go prick thy face, and over-red thy fear, / Thou lily-liverd boy (5.3.14-15). Macbeth is mocking the servant; he means that the only way the boy can even look courageous is by pricking it to make it bleed. Afterwards, he becomes distracted, talking and giving orders to several people at once, making incoherent commands that show the worsening instability of his mind. As the critic Frank Kermode once stated â€Å" Macbeth loses his distinctive humanity (Thrasher, 77)†. This leads Macbeth to the doom that awaits him for in the end when the only way to ridShow MoreRelatedMacbeth Imagery Blood1442 Words   |  6 PagesBlood Imagery in Macbeth Shakespeare’s plays are well known for the richness of their imagery. This is particularly true in Macbeth and the many allusions to blood. The use of blood imagery gives the reader some foresight into what is going on in the play and how the characters are thinking and feeling. Blood is used to represent heroics on the battlefield, evil and murderous inclinations, and ultimately guilt and shame. Shakespeare uses the symbol of blood to give the readers insight intoRead MoreBlood Imagery in Macbeth857 Words   |  4 Pagesevident as the bloody hands of Macbeth and his obsession with them. Macbeth has killed King Duncan and doesn’t stop there, he kills the guards making Duncan’s sons flee. This gives Macbeth the throne. However he becomes overwhelmed with the guilt. Shakespeare uses blood to show how it reminds Macbeth of the violent acts he has committed and how he has become obsessed with the blood on his hands. Initially the blood represents courage and bravery. For brave Macbeth-well he deserves that name- â€Å"disdainingRead MoreMacbeth - Blood Imagery in Macbeth Essay990 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare wrote the Tragedy of Macbeth in approximately 1606 AD. He loosely based it on a historical event occurring around 1050 AD. Macbeth is the story of a nobleman, who, while trying to fulfill a prophecy told to him by three witches, murders his King to cause his ascension to the throne of Scotland. After the Kings murder, Macbeth reigns as a cruel and ruthless tyrant, who is forced to kill more people to keep control of the throne. Finally, Scottish rebels combined with English forcesRead More Blood Imagery In Macbeth Essay590 Words   |  3 Pages In Shakespeares Macbeth a play, a man named Macbeth goes through a great transformation; Macbeth goes from being a heroic general in the kings army to an assassin and a tyrant. The theme of the play is never give into evil because it de stroys no matter what the benefits are. Blood Imagery is very important in the play; it shows Macbeths evil ambition in the beginning, middle, and end of the play. In the beginning of the play, blood imagery is very important. quot;Till he unseamed him from theRead MoreTheme Of Blood Imagery In Macbeth872 Words   |  4 Pages MACBETH’S FALL INTO EVIL Shakespeare uses imagery to show Macbeth’s fall into evil. Darkness is invariably associated with evil and to a certain extent deception. William Shakespeare employs the imagery of darkness throughout his play of Macbeth. He uses dark images often to describe instruments of disorder and the evils which characters portray. Macbeth is a tragedy that was written by Shakespeare in the Elizabethan Era. In Elizabethan England night air was said to be impure and rheumy and itRead More Blood Imagery in Macbeth Essay1916 Words   |  8 PagesShakespeare’s Macbeth is a story taken from Scottish history and presented to the Scottish king James I. Shakespeare took this gory tale of murderous ambition, however, and transformed it into an imaginative tale of good and evil. Shakespeare brought about this transformation by relying upon â€Å"imaginative verbal vigor† that imbeds itself in the brilliantly concentrated phrases of this literary work. Critics have dubbed it his dar kest work, along with King Lear. In his critique of Shakespeare’s worksRead MoreMacbeth Blood Imagery Essay1924 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"HUGH, YOU ARE GUSHING BLOOD!!!† Our heads spin around to see bright, red blood all over his shoes, feet, and the boat. The sight of blood immediately made my stomach drop and put everyone into an instant frenzy. Blood causes people to react because of the stir of emotion it causes, and the same can be said for imagery. Authors of all types of literature use imagery as a tool to engross their readers and make their senses come alive, specifically Shakespeare. In all of Shakespeare’s work a key instrumentRead MoreTheme Of Blood Imagery In Macbeth1001 Words   |  5 PagesShakespeare’s use of Blood to Represent Guilt â€Å"Guilt is cancer. Guilt will confine you, torture you, destroy you as an artist. Its a black wall. Its a thief† (Dave Grohl, BrainyQuote). In Shakespeares play Macbeth, Shakespeare uses Macbeth’s guilt as a recurring theme. Macbeth is about a man who receives a prophecy from three witches who tell him he will become soon become the king of Scotland. In his quest to become king, Macbeth will do anything, even kill one of his best friends, regardlessRead MoreImagery of Blood, Light and Clothing in Macbeth by William Shakespeare540 Words   |  3 PagesImagery of Blood, Light and Clothing in Macbeth by William Shakespeare Imagery, the art of making images, the product of imagination (Merriam- Webster). Shakespeare uses many forms of imagery in his writing of Macbeth. Three main forms of imagery in this play are blood, light and darkness, and clothing. Within each form of this imagery Shakespeare incorporates symbols that the reader must understand if they are to interpret either the passage or the play as a whole. In Macbeth blood symbolizesRead More bloodmac Shakespeares Macbeth - Images and Imagery of Blood and Sleep922 Words   |  4 PagesBlood and Sleep Imagery in Macbeth  Ã‚   Macbeth screams imagery!   Shakespeare uses imagery of blood and sleep   to create an atmosphere of horror, during the killing of Duncan, which contributes to our sense of Macbeths growing insanity.   Eventually Lady Macbeths final scene is enhanced with the use of blood imagery which reflects her guilt.   Shakespeares use of imagery connects the feeling of horror from audience to play.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Macbeth held such potential for himself. He was

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms And The Causes And Effects...

Differences in DNA exist between individuals every 1000-2000 bases in the form of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). SNPs are variation in a single nucleotide that occurs in the genome. In some cases, these SNPs have little to no consequence on a gene expression. A consequence only occurs when there is a difference in a gene expression. Sickle cell anemia is an example of a consequence of an SNPs. In the article, â€Å"Sickle Cell Anemia†, the author states the â€Å"sickle cell hemoglobin (Hb S) is formed when the amino acid valine is substituted for glutamic acid at the sixth position of the ÃŽ ² chain; this is the result of a point mutation in the gene coding for ÃŽ ² globin synthesis† (Lonergan, 2001). Although this substitution is very simple,†¦show more content†¦Wu were able to isolate genomic DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes of individuals. Wu states sickle cell anemia is the â€Å"prototype of a genetic disease caused by a single base-pair mu tation and A T transversion in the sequence encoding codon 6 of the human -globin gene† (Wu 1989). Generally, a homozygous sickle cell anemia is when â€Å"the substitution of a single amino acid in the -globin subunit of hemoglobin results in a reduced solubility of the deoxyhemoglobin molecule and erythrocytes assume irregular shapes† (Wu 1998). The DNA from each individual was subjected to â€Å"25 rounds of PDR using either the sickle cell-specific primer set (H14S and BGP2) or the normal gene-specific primer set (H14A and BGP2) using an annealing temperature† (Wu 1989). The research, Wu and his colleges conducted in 1989, has improved the technology of diagnosing sickle cell anemia by exercising easily acceptable applications, requiring a small amount of DNA, and utilizing time. Seeing that geneticists were able to analyze the characteristics of sickle cell anemia, geneticists were also able to establish the causation of severe variation between sickle cell anemia. On chromosome 11 near the -globin gene, there are clusters of several other globin genes located on chromosome 11. These -globin clusters contain a variable amount of DNA, which are referred to as haplotypes. A haplotype is a combination of DNA markers on a particular chromosome and is a form of a SNPs. Only

Citizen Cane Questionaire Free Essays

Citizen Kane Questionnaire View the movie CITIZEN KANE (1941) for discussion in class on week four and to submit week five. Be sure to view the film at least twice before workshop number four. Read the information in this syllabus about this movie. We will write a custom essay sample on Citizen Cane Questionaire or any similar topic only for you Order Now Research it online at http://www. filmsite. org/citi. html http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Citizen_Kane, http://www. imdb. com/title/tt0033467/, http://www. cinepad. com/reviews/kane. htm, etc. Then complete the following questionnaire A. Literary Elements (Describe in one or two sentences) 1. Structure (storytelling format The storytelling format for this film was more of an investigation kind of way, searching for the meaning of the word rosebud. Flashbacks used throughout the film to fill in information that could lead to the meaning of the words. 2. Plot (story) The story is about a man who becomes a tycoon. While gaining riches, wives and possessions he loses his soul. He dies and some journalists want to discover the meaning of his dying words â€Å"rose bud†. 3. Theme (message) The theme message for this film is that money and power do not make a person. Not all the power and money one person may have is going to fulfill the happiness one desires. . Three moral issues in the story Power cannot buy happiness nor can it fulfill it. There were a few social issues, one of them being family and marriage issues such as divorce. Kane’s fame and wealth cannot save him from his secret relationship. B. Mise en Scene: Theatrical Elements (give two examples each, noting briefly what you have ob served and where in the film) 5. Unusual Sets/Backdrops A. ) The scene where Kane and his wife were at a cafe or restaurant and the back drop was a wilderness or forest and they threw in animated birds flying through the backdrop. B. ) Another element was enormous fireplace at Kane’s residence. 6. Historic Costuming A. ) Their costumes represented the era and their social status. B. ) Kane wore a thick, heavy fur coat that represented his status; having great deal of money. 7. Notable Makeup A) Kane’s makeup in the early stages young and youthful and at the end, it showed him 85 and old-marriage scene, young and when his second wife was leaving him, it depicted him old with a cane B) Makeup shown when his second wife dressed up to sing opera at their theatre she wore heavy makeup . Composition (vertical lines, ceiling framing) A. ) There is a ceiling frame scene, where Kane and his friend come across the reporter that had fallen asleep; on the review of wife’s performance. The camera focused on his friend using a low angle showing the corner of the ceiling his head. B. ) In the theatre, during one of the performances the camera scrolls up looking at nothing but the structure of the buildin g. As the camera, scrolls up there were walkways or railing that went across the screen. 9. High key lighting (happy) A) When he meets his second wife and goes to her place she is lit up and light depicting happy. B) There is high lighting used while watching the marching girls; cheering and happy music playing in background. 10. Low key Lighting (mystery) A. ) There is a face in the dark when Kane goes to meet someone for information about something. The dark shadow over the face shows that there is a secret. B. ) In the start of the film appears to be several men in a darkened room; appears mystererious, searching for answers. All men stay in the dark when that scene ends. C. Low key lighting used when fireworks launched into the sky. 11. Notable Acting (and movement) A. ) The end of the movie Kane destroys his second wife’s room, breaking glass, flipping tables over, throwing everything on the ground, showing his anger, frustration and pain. B. ) Notable acting when Kane slaps his second wife across the face when she was complaining about the reviews in the paper about her performance. C. Cinematography (give two examples each, noting briefly what you have observed and where in the film) 12. Notable camera angles (low angle, high angle, etc. A) There is an extremely low angle when the boy receives a gift. B) There is a low angle during one of the opera performances when the camera looks down at the singing coach sort of under the stage. 13. Notable Framing (two shot, three shot, four shot, foreground framing) A) There is a three shot frame when Kane is typing the review. B) The scene where in the background, through the window, a boy can be seen playing outside. C) There is foreground framing in the reflection shot from the window of Kane dancing. 14. Notable Framing (close-up) A) The scene when Kane says, â€Å"Rosebud† with an extreme close-up of his lips. B) At the end of the movie when camera zooms in on Kane’s childhood sled focusing in on â€Å"Rosebud† 15. Notable lenses (deep focus, fish eye) A) The scene with the boy playing in the snow, seen through the window while his mother signs documents has deep focus. B) The scene where Kane’s wife is laying in the chair, the meds on the table; seen up close and the focus remains clear to the bedroom door in the distance. 16. Notable Camera Movement (crane shots, hand-held, etc. A) There is a crane shot; camera breaks through the sign and into the broken skylight into the El Rancho Nightclub B) Crane shot- Emily went to Susan’s home and going up the stairs into her home is one depicted. 17. Forced perspective A) The wedding scene of Emily and Kane are using forced perspective of the White House. B) There is a Scene showing Kane’s home, gate seen in the background on top of the hill. D. Editing—Assembly and Printing of film (give two examples each, noting briefly what you have observed and where in the film) 8. Special Effects (animation, matting) A) There is animation in two of the scenes where they show you a map WB. B) There is also picnic scene where animated birds are flying. 19. Transitions (dissolves, wipes, fades) A) Dissolving scene is when Thatcher, Bernstein, Kane are in a room, three are at a table and Kane is in the back. That letter reading shows 1929 and it dissolves. B) Earlier scene in beginning of film shows monkeys then it proceeds and you see the castle . In all that area all picture is showing dissolving. C) The Xanadu scenes were also dissolving scenes. D) His campaign scene showing his face in the background also dissolves. 20. Montage A) The scene at the â€Å"breakfast† table shows marriage nice and sweet then shows it falling apart. B) Another scene; Thatcher calls Kane Charles at Christmas time and he opened a Christmas present. This portrayed Thatcher young, Kane young, then next scene is reading a letter from Kane, and he is aged. D. Sound (give one example each) 21. Diegetic music A) When Kane receives the trophy. B) After the scene where Kane is typing the review. 22. Non-diagetic music A) After Kane leaves in the trophy scene thee is non- diegetic music. B) Sound transition; there was clapping going from one scene to another. 23. Notable or unusual music A) There is notable military music by the Teddy Roosevelt scene in the beginning of the film. B) The scene where you see the mannish woman there is echo and ironic music then you hear audio the audio transition and are less subtle 24. Layering A) There was voice overlay at the beginning with Thatcher and two employees. Thatcher is upset with Him for working at the newspaper and losing money. B) When Kane was throwing his big party with dancing girls there was laughter and chaos, much vocal overlay. 25. Audio transitions A) There is an audio transition when Kane yelling transitions into the horn honking. B) Audio transition scene when Kane is giving a speech and the scene transitions through different speeches. 26. Dead screen A) There is dead screen after the montage of scenes going through the newspaper headlines the film goes into a dead screen. How to cite Citizen Cane Questionaire, Papers

Study On Identifying New Market Potential †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Study On Identifying New Market Potential? Answer: Introduction Fast food industry is responsible to provide variety of food at an affordable rate. The concerned industry generates revenue of over $570 billion as per the analysis of 2017 and expects an annual growth of 2.5% in the next few years (Subway.com, 2017). Subway holds the third largest market after KFC and McDonalds in the fast growing food market. It is running successfully in 88 countries with more than 30,000 subway outlets (Subway.com, 2017). It has given employment to more than 1,50,000 people across the world and still seeking more opportunities to open more franchise (Subway.com, 2017). Eat Fresh is the slogan of subway and the business aspect that provide them the competitive advantage is that they only use fresh breads and salads to prepare sandwiches. Some of their most sold products are Carved Turkey, Roast Beef, Over Roasted Chicken, Subway Club, Black Forest Ham and Veggie Delight (Subway.com, 2017). Subway has many competitors like KFC, Sunset Boulevard, McDonalds and Burger King and Jimmy Johns. McDonalds had the highest market share of 22% with 83 outlets in 2007 (Ganzel, 2016). Burger king with 15 outlets was taking 3% of the market share and Sunset Boulevard had 27 outlets and same market share as Burger King (Forbes.com, 2017). The market share of the sandwich according to the IBIS report is 12.6% and chicken based fast food is 19.7%; while the burger has the market share of 26.5% and 16.6% share is for pizza (Ibisworld.com.au, 2017). Image: Fast food product and service segmentation (Source: Ibisworld.com.au, 2017) Compared to the business operation of Subway Jimmy Johns, a gourmet sandwich provider is the major competitor. According to the IBIS report, the market share of Subway is 62.4% compared to Jimmy Johns, which is only 6.8% (Ibisworld.com.au, 2017). Moreover according to the Statistas analysis, Subway is only preceded by McDonalds. The below is the statistics of the brand preference of younger and older millennial for the year 2016 (Ibisworld.com.au, 2017). Image: Fast fashion brand preferences by younger and older millennial (Source: Statista.com, 2017) Research Problem Business in order to enhance their brand recognition, attaining broader customer base and favorable financing opportunities, opt of business expansion. In this research also the expansion of Subway in Melbourne is taken into consideration. It is evident that business, who do not opt for expansion does not believe in globalization cannot get competitive advantage and thus globalization is crucial. Subway being the leader on their business operation should desire to open their outlets and franchisee across the nation so that greater profitability can be attained. The main aim of the research is to find out the benefits to locate the new stores and to expand the franchisee operations in Melbourne. To achieve this objective, the customers, the competition, market situation, franchising concepts will be evaluated and assessed. Size of the market, potential growth, environmental factors, and trends will be evaluated to understand the franchisee model in the market. It will also help that if the market has matured and it has the potential to grow. Research Objectives The research will give complete background about the Subway Chain, Franchisee Concept and the customers. Melbourne fast food market and the competition analysis To identify if the Melbourne is attractive enough for the franchisee model of Subway and what opportunities it offers to the entrepreneurs. To seek the attractive location of the Subway outlet Market Information Diaz Ruiz (2013) depicted that for any organization it is important to know the place and the market they are operating into. Entering into the market possibility and customers potential are very important (Laszlo, 2015). Furthermost, studying the macro environmental factors that influence the market are important to know. Macro Analysis Political Factors: The political factors that should be considered in case of Subway is to follow the health and safety guideline. The labeling and the exact detailing of the products composition legislation should also be adhered. In Australia political imbalance may rise due to animal rights campaigns. Thus, Subway has to adhere all the political aspects and legislation in collaboration with local governing bodies. Economic Factors: The GDP of Australia was 1204.62 billion and represents 1.94% of the world economy (Tradingeconomics.com, 2017). Subway being a famous organization gets the benefits of support from major suppliers as they desire to enhance their economic condition. The set- up and franchisee cost is low in Australia and thus Subway do not face much difficulty in opening their outlet in Melbourne. Social Factors: In terms of social factors, Australias community mainly belongs from mid-income family group, who intends to experience branded products but look for affordable services. Subways products are not much expensive. Moreover, people in Australia and mostly self-dependent and has busy life. These people are less likely to cook food by themselves and prefer a brand that is equally healthy and fits in their budget. Thus it can be said that Subway will get a favorable social response if they expand their business in Melbourne. Technological Factors: People in Australia are educated and prefer technological development in their daily work so that their work can be accomplished faster. Computer ordering, inventory management and technology of cutting and dressing of the sandwiches can be adopted by Subway for more customer preferences. Micro Analysis Subway should consider their competitive analysis to address whether they can provide new to their customers. Thus, in this case, the competitor analysis is discussed so that the longevity of the organization can be assessed. Porter 5 forces is discussed in this section that comprised of five aspects- threats of entrants, threats of substitute, power of suppliers, power of buyers and competitive rivalry. Threats of entrants: The treats of new entrants is medium to high as a new organization need years of trust to build their organization as much established as Subway. Subway has huge customer base and thus it is difficult for another new organization to attract their customers even though they offer less cost. Threats of substitute: The threats of substitutes are high to medium as younger customers prefer fried and tasty products compared to fresh and low tasty products. Thus, maximum pressure of substitution of products is from organization like McDonalds and AW. Power of suppliers: Suppliers of subway are relatively low. The prime reason is that their main ingredients that they use are always fresh and in demands. Local farmers also desire to associate with a leading company like Subway for their economic development. Power of buyers: The powers of buyers are low to medium as Subway offer food products that are different and unique from other organization. Subways low pricing strategy and use of fresh vegetable attracts fitness conscious customers towards their brand. In addition to that, they also do not prefer deep frying rather that they offer roasted products. Thus, the bargain power of customers is low. Competitive rivalry: The intensity of rivalry is high as large industry size resembles the presence of many competitors. The major competition in Australia is with Quiznos and Jimmy Johns. These organization offer products like Torpedoes and Sammies that is not available in Subways menu. Moreover, there are many sub brands like- Bobs sub and Viet Subs. However, customer can choose their subs with the ingredients that they prefer and this is the main attribute that provide competitive advantage to Subway. Numerical factors: Subway can estimate their market growth both in terms of online and offline business procedure. Hus, it can be stated that the annual growth in the year 2017 will be 3.8% with respect to 2014 and by the year 2020 the market growth is estimated to rise by 3.7% compared to that of 2018. Consumer Information Information about the customers is vital to know for any organization to understand that how easy or difficult it will be operating in the market. Potter et al. (2017) depicted that knowing about the competition situation, surveys, discussion and questionnaires are some of the market research tool. Quantitative market research will be used for Subway. A Survey will be made to find out the potential customer. 2.2.1 Consumer behavior: Subway should formulate new sandwich types and stock more ingredients so that they can offer ore options for the customers. In addition to that, everyday Subway can offer new option of Todays Special Sub. This approach allows the first time customers to experience their products without any confusion. 2.2.2 Consumer attitudes/perceptions: Subway should also offer online services and home deliveries so that customer can buy their products more often. It is recommended to Subway that they should conduct a feedback analysis from the customers, who avail their service from their outlets so that the organization can get the idea to produce new options for the sub. In addition o that online feedback should also be conducted for taking information from other customers. 2.2.3 Consumer demographics: Subways can segment their customers based on their demographics like- age group, income level and life style. Demographics Young Adult are the current as well as future customers for the fast-food joints. It is important for both men and women, both of them like healthy, fresh food and quick food. Socio- Economic Educated population spends more on the healthy food. Hence it is important and relevant consideration. Occupation Students, Housewifes, Young professionals, employees, self, employees all comes under the category. Age group: younger millennial (18-24 years) and older millennial (25-35 years) Income level: Mid income group to high income group Life style: People preferring healthy life style and who also like fresh food. Choice of the most important target segment and specification is included in Targeting (Hollensen, 2015). It is based on the segmentation and questionnaire results. The two major groups that are formed are students who have low budget and want to enjoy meal with friends and Singles / Married between the age of 26-35 who are working professionals and dont have much time to cook and look for a quick healthy meal. Research Design Secondary Research: Secondary research is the research in which the data is analyzed which is already collected. Its second hand information Primary Research: Primary research is research in which the first hand data is collected by the user, it a brand new information. Primary research can be both qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative Research: Whenever the data is to be observed, it does not include any measurement or statistics. Quantitative Research: It is method which is used when modeling and analyzing customer, collection of data completion information and market information is required. It is used to evaluate the results and data collected. The research design used for Subway market is Primary research and Quantitative research, primarily to find out who can the franchisee customers for the subway, survey has to be done. To know the customer preference and prospects of opening new restaurants, a questionnaire is to be used. Data Collection Method For subway, Quantitative data collection method is used to know the customer preference and the prospects for opening new joints in Melbourne. A questionnaire is formulated that consists of some questions based on preferences of the subs, quality if the food, price for subs, reasons for purchase from Subway. The questionnaire also includes the personal data, buying behavior and buying motive related questions. This questioner are physically distributed to the Subway customers and also circulate through online. The questions should below related to the below topics and is handed over as a hard copy. Interest in healthy and quick food Knowledge about Subway food Rating from customers on the quality of food served, atmosphere, delivery, price How often they eat fast food How enticing is the free offers and combo schemes The prime reason for collecting the primary data is to avoid the biasness regarding the organization. Customers can clearly provide the details of the current scenario of the market position and customer requirement which on the other hand provide ideas to enhance the business performance. Sample Design Sample designing is one of the most important for the Subway research plan. Saris and Revilla (2015) stated that it will help the management understand the depth of the market by taking the real samples from the market. The target audience that should be taken for the sampling and should be interviewed will be Young Adults from the age of 18 yrs. to 35 yrs. target should be taken. They are the one who are earning, spend time outside with friends and family and have less time. They are more dependent on the fast food. Probability sampling technique will be used for the research primarily the reason because all the research respondents are getting equal chances to participate in this research. Every person chosen will be given a fair chance and will lead to non-biased results and is quite conclusive in nature. The suggested sample size for the research will be 200 so that an accurate market condition can be obtained. Analyses Reporting Requirements Ensuring the requirements of the report are captured in the right format is the vital step even before collecting and analyzing the data. For evaluation, reporting an integral part. It helps demonstrate the impact, communicate the results, track and monitor the progress. Top Line Report: Top line reports are the detailed research report that requires approval at various levels. It provides the summary for current and the future reference. It is a kind of detailed documentation which can be presented to agencies, Stakeholders, marketing communication, RD team etc. Finanacial Report: Final reports present the final or the most important outcome of the research in summary format. It consists of 8-10 pages report which has key findings, actions and conclusions. It does not have the methodology, background, graphics and key findings. For the subway research project, Top line report is recommended because it will have the indicated actions, key findings and conclusions. It will summarize the key learnings and the objectives of the research. It will also guide on how to take next action and move forward basis the research study outcomes. Format Word is recommended format over the Power point presentation. Since we are using the Top line reporting format which will have the detailed analysis of the report, PowerPoint is not suitable. Word format will be able to explain the details and in a better way and the printout out of the document can also looks like a proper report. One report is recommended in a word format which has the detailed study of the research from the beginning till the end is preferred. One report will be able to provide the complete picture like problem statement, key findings, actions and conclusions. Methods for Analyzing Quantitative data Punch (2013) depicted that quantitative data analysis is a systematic method to investigate the numerical data which is collected. It helps in answering the questions of what and how many. The quantitative approach will help finding the proof which will either support or contradict the hypothesis of the research (Creswell, 2013). Sources of the quantitative data are questionnaire, interviews, observations and it is presented in tables, graphics and summaries. For example online surveys are a very good example and popular way to create analyses and distribute the questionnaire. One can select many questions likePresenting Research findings Pie Chart: Pie chart is the tool which is used when the comparison is done as whole, it does not reflect the changes over the period of time (Best Kahn, 2016). Bar Graph: Bar Graph is used when the compassion is to be done between two different groups and reflects the changes over the period of time (De Vaus, 2013). For the study of Subway research both the charts are recommended and they are useful. For example, representing the revenue of Subway in other countries can very well be shown in the bar graph or the revenue in one country over the period 10 yrs. can be reprinted in Bar Graph. Pie charts can be very useful used where the questionnaire answers. How much percentage of population has said yes each question and how much has not agreed. Timelines and Budget Research is not an easy job; there are so many task, people and responsibilities involved in it. Hence a research map or a guideline document is required to provide the map for the entire process which is also called Gantt chart. It makes the work faster and clearly defines the responsibility guidelines (Fleming Koppelman, 2016). It helps in breaking down the structure, showing relations with each other in a team, schedule of the work is clearly defined, critical path method is used. S.No Task Timeline 1 Project Agreement /approval 10 days 2 Designing Questionnaire 15 Days 3 Data collection 1 month 4 Data Gathering 15 days 5 Analysis 7 days 6 Reporting 7 days Estimated Budget: $350,000 Selection Criteria S.No Selection Criteria Description 1 Research Context and methodology Precise and clear description of the background and the situation and the subjects involved, Quality and competence, appropriately define the methodology and research inquiry. 2 Discussion and Conclusion In detail interpretation of the findings of research, well defined limitations in the report study, quality and completeness of analysis 3 Presentation Coherence, red ability, concepts presentation, tables, facts figures, effective organization are the key elements. Use of comprehensible and clear language 4 Transparent and systematic collection ND interpretation of qualitative data Report findings should be accurate and it is based on how much systematically the data is gathered, the methods should be rigorous 5 Contributory in providing wider understanding and knowledge about the field studied The study done should be able to contribute to the knowledge advancement and the participated company should be benefited with the results. Codes of Practice- Market Research: Proposals, commissioning and design This is one of the very important principal under the AMSRS code. It is related to the integrity of the research organization in which the things, policies and guidelines are clearly and defined before the commissioning of work (Millum Sina, 2014). For example the identity of one client is not disclosed to the other client if they are of same completion, if any third party is used for the work the organization will inform the client befire.Transparent and accurate reports will be provided proposals and cost of the project is defines in advance. All these are vital for any organization to work on the fair grounds and do the fair dealings. Informed Consent Another vital principal under AMSRS is informed consent. There will be a selected population who will participate in the research work. They should be informed about the research agency and the privacy policy (St John et al., 2016). The population should know the purpose of the collection. Which is the agency doing the research and the why they are being selected for this. No unsolicited pictures or information captured during the survey should be the part of the analysis or saved by the organization. This is also required for the security of the population participating References Best, J. W., Kahn, J. V. (2016). Research in education. Pearson Education India. Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications. De Vaus, D. (2013). Surveys in social research. Routledge. Diaz Ruiz, C. A. (2013). Assembling Market Representation. Marketing Theory. 13 (3): 245261. doi:10.1177/1470593113487744 Fleming, Q. W., Koppelman, J. M. (2016, December). Earned value project management. Project Management Institute. Forbes.com. (2017). A Whopper Of A Deal: Burger King Owner Restaurant Brands International Acquires Popeyes For $1.8 Billion. [online] Available at: https://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=https://www.forbes.com/sites/maggiemcgrath/2017/02/21/a-whopper-of-a-deal-burger-king-owner-restaurant-brands-international-acquires-popeyes-for-1-8-billion/refURL=https://www.google.co.in/referrer=https://www.google.co.in/ [Accessed 19 Aug. 2017]. Ganzel, Bill (2016). McDonald's vs Subway: Which Has the Bigger Restaurant Chain? Retrieved from https://www.mcdonalds.com/us/en/our_story.html Hollensen, S. (2015). Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Ibisworld.com.au. (2017). Market Research Reports Analysis | IBISWorld AU. [online] Available at: https://www.ibisworld.com.au/?partnerid=googleadgclid=EAIaIQobChMIwpSZn-WD1gIVRwYqCh03cgRFEAAYASAAEgJ7R_D_BwE [Accessed 1 Sep. 2017]. Laszlo, C. (2015). Sustainability for strategic advantage. Corporate Stewardship: Achieving Sustainable Effectiveness, 94. Millum, J., Sina, B. (2014). Introduction: international research ethics education. Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics, 9(2), 1-2. Murray, Rheana. (2013). Subway commercial spokesman Jared Fogle marks 15 years of turkey subs and keeping the weight off. Daily News. Potter, S. M., Del Negro, M., Topa, G., Van der Klaauw, W. (2017). The advantages of probabilistic survey questions. Review of Economic Analysis, 9(1), 1-32. Punch, K. F. (2013). Introduction to social research: Quantitative and qualitative approaches. Sage. Saris, W. E. Revilla, M. (2015). Correction for measurement errors in survey research: necessary and possible. Social Indicators Research. 127: 10051020. St John, F. A., Brockington, D., Bunnefeld, N., Duffy, R., Homewood, K., Jones, J. P., ... Razafimanahaka, J. H. (2016). Research ethics: assuring anonymity at the individual level may not be sufficient to protect research participants from harm. Biological Conservation, 196, 208-209. Statista.com (2017). Topic: Fast food industry. [online] www.statista.com. Available at: https://www.statista.com/topics/863/fast-food/ [Accessed 1 Sep. 2017].) Subway.com. (2017). [online] Available at: https://www.subway.com [Accessed 19 Aug. 2017]. Tradingeconomics.com. (2017). Australia GDP | 1960-2017 | Data | Chart | Calendar | Forecast | News. [online] Available at: https://tradingeconomics.com/australia/gdp [Accessed 1 Sep. 2017].

5 Fiverr WordPress Gigs to Help You Build a Website

Even the simplest of WordPress websites needs extra  input  to flourish. Setting up a theme, picking the right graphics for your pages, and thinking of new post ideas  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  its all part of the job  for WordPress users.  However,  what if you could outsource some of these tasks for just a few bucks? Enter Fiverr WordPress gigs.Fiverr  enables you to  outsource just about any gig (as tasks  are referred to),  including a myriad of WordPress-related chores,  for just five bucks a pop.The platform does get a bad rap among freelancers and clients alike, and its easy to understand why. Quite often, you will  get exactly what you paid for. That being said, there are plenty of high-quality Fiverr WordPress gigs you can purchase  to help build a successful WordPress website. If youre still unconvinced, lets make our case in five simple ways – including examples!What to look for in Fiverr WordPress gigsAn example of a WordPress migration gig with good re views.To find the best WordPress workers on Fiverr – or for most types of freelance work – we need to keep our eye on  four criteria: Each worker and gig on Fiverr has their own unique ratings – both of them should be high.  In addition, there  should also be some  decent reviews from satisfied users. Check the turnaround time for any gig youre interested in. A good freelancer will keep these within a reasonable time frame. Some gigs will offer revisions for your orders. You want to make sure theyre adhered to, in case theres any misunderstanding concerning your instructions. Any gig youre interested in should have a solid description. This doesnt mean they have to be five pages long, just enough to enable you to  know what youre getting, and show you  that  your freelancer is familiar with WordPress. If you keep these criteria in mind, finding great Fiverr WordPress gigs should be simple.5 ways Fiverr can help you build a WordPress websiteWhile th ere are a multitude of gigs on Fiverr, weve chosen five that we think will be of use to WordPress users.  Lets check out a few examples of the kinds of work you could consider outsourcing.1. Get your WordPress installation up and runningThis is a simple one. Setting up a new WordPress installation is not complicated, but the process may overwhelm some first time users.Ideally, we want to find someone who  will not  only install WordPress, but also set up a custom theme of our choosing, install an assortment of basic plugins – think Jetpack and Yoast SEO – and perhaps even create a child theme. A quick search through a few hundred Fiverr WordPress gigs led us to a good example of this exact service:When searching for a similar offer, remember to select a theme beforehand and have a list of free plugins you want ready – this will help your freelancer complete your order sooner.2. Obtain custom graphics for your postsUsing unique images instead of clichà ©d stock images for your posts goes a long way towards giving your site a more professional look. Were not talking about logos or significant design overhauls, think smaller – such as featured images or simple graphs.Sure, you could always opt for a subscription to a premium stock image site (like Shutterstock), but this can be a hefty expense for a fledgling WordPress site. Finding the right Fiverr gig can help you save some money, while still getting all of the benefits of custom graphics. Heres a good example:Do remember to keep your searches specific when looking for these kinds of gigs, otherwise youll spend time  wading through hundreds of logo design offers, rather than the gigs you actually want.3. Fix simple WordPress errorsA lot of people arent comfortable messing around with their WordPress core files, and thats entirely understandable. However, if you happen to run across nasty bugs such as the white screen of death, theres no other recourse but to get under the ho od  and do some tinkering.  That is unless you dont mind doing a quick search on Fiverr for someone with experience troubleshooting WordPress:This gig caught our eye because the author references plenty of common WordPress errors using the correct terminology (albeit with a few typos). However, if you fancy yourself as more of a do-it-yourself kind of person, weve covered how to troubleshoot several common WordPress errors in the past, including 404 errors and internal server errors.4. Optimize your site for search enginesGoing over your posts and pages to account for Search Engine Optimization (SEO) can be a huge time-sink – more so if you have a big archive of content.Using a plugin such as Yoast SEO can cut down on the time needed to get the job done, but it still requires you to micromanage a lot of settings. Enter Fiverr – here you can find freelancers willing to go through your archives and optimize your scores without substantially modifying your content:Our tip is to  keep an eye out for offers that explicitly mention they refrain from keyword stuffing,  or those making reckless promises such as catapulting your site to the top of the search engine rankings overnight.5. Perform simple CSS customizationsWhile we would recommend that you shy away from Fiverr when it comes to actual web design, its a great place to look for freelancers who  can perform simple Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) customizations and fixes.This  could  include adjusting elements of your site not displaying correctly, your layout breaking on mobile displays, implementing simple animations such as hover effects, and much more. Heres a perfect example of a gig for WordPress CSS fixes:Its important to note that despite CSS being a universal language, you should stick with WordPress-specific gigs here – workers familiar with the platform and its theme structure will have a much simpler time implementing your customizations.ConclusionDespite being in the bottom tier of freelancing sites, you can still find reliable professionals on Fiverr. Whats more, you might even end up building long-term work partnerships with some of them – if their work lives up to your standards.However, you should  try to stick to simple Fiverr WordPress gigs  to minimize the risks involved, such as:Setting up a WordPress installation and all the subsequent tasks this entails.Creating custom graphics for your posts and pages.Fixing simple WordPress errors.Carrying out Search Engine Optimization.Performing simple CSS customizations.Have you ever struck gold looking through Fiverr WordPress gigs? Share your experiences with us in the comments section below!

Essay on Social Popularity and Academic Success Essays

Essay on Social Popularity and Academic Success Essays Essay on Social Popularity and Academic Success Paper Essay on Social Popularity and Academic Success Paper Essay Topic: Academic Popular SOCIAL POPULARITY AND ACADEMIC SUCCESS CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING A. Background of the Study The phase of growing from a child to being an adolescent, factored by the observation of academic performance, coupled with peers appreciation on the individuals response to the system; continue to be one of the prime topics of discussion, explored in the educational system. It is recommended to review the importance of peer relationships of children and its arguable influence on their psychological and social development. Observing a relational margin between tudents popularity in adolescence and his/her academic success, there is a superlative part of understanding the question Does popularity influence academic success, within the boundaries of an educational environment? . B. Statement of the Problem The purpose of this study is to uncover the level of the impact of social popularity and academic success of Bachelor of Science in Accounting Technology Education students of IJM Tagum College. This study aims to answer these questions: 1. What is the level of the impact of social popularity to students in terms of: 2. What s the extent of students academic success in terms of: 3. Is there a significant difference on the extent of the impact of social popularity to respondents when grouped according to: 3. 1 Gender 3. 2 Year level 4. Is there a significant difference on the extent of students academic success when respondents are grouped according to: 4. 1 Gender 4. 2 Year level 5. Is there a significant relationship between the extent of the impact of social popularity and students academic success? C. Hypotheses Based on the abovementioned problems, the researchers have formulated the following hypotheses: 1. There is no significant difference on the extent of the impact of social popularity to respondents when grouped according to gender and year level. 2. There is no significant difference on the extent of students academic success significant relationship between the level of the impact of social popularity and the extent students academic success. D. Theoretical and Conceptual Framework E. Significance of the study College Students. This study would be able to help college students know the prerogative of being socially popular as well as its effects on their academic success. Moreover, it would give them the idea on what are the possible instances that they may encounter as to attain academic success. Professors. Professors would benefit from this study as they could better apprehend that the varying level of academic success of the students is caused by the said factors of social popularity. Parents. Future Researchers. Giving emphasis on the academic success of students who are socially popular could give the future researchers a great idea that they could also conduct similar studies with. F. Definition of Terms For better understanding of the readers, terms here are conceptually and perationally defined for: Social Popularity. Social popularity is a situation in which someone or something is popular with many people (Macmillan Dictionary, 2009-2013). It is the condition of being liked, admired, or supported by many people. The quality or state of being popular, especially the state of being widely well-liked accepted, or sought after (The Free Dictioanry by Farlex, 2013). Academic Success. Academic success means that a person has met or surpassed the goals they set academically. It may be they get certain grades, or a certain GPA. It could be they make the Deans or Presidents list (Ask, 2013).

The impact of language on Friday life in Foe Essay

The impact of language on Friday life in Foe - Essay Example Upon arrival in England, Susan offers to accommodate Friday (McGrath 1). She had a desire to document her experiences while on the Island, but is limited in her language skills. Thus, she requests Daniel Foe, a writer, for assistance. This mission is not fully accomplished since Foe, being the language expert, chooses what he thinks is entertaining to write about, thus frustrating Susan’s efforts to have her story told (Caracciolo 105). Language is one of the themes in J. M. Coetzee’s book Foe. Language is key and paramount in any communication and accurate or inaccurate presentation of issues through language as a tool of communication can impact positively or negatively on the message being communicated. If not well presented, it could give the wrong message and impression about the content value of any work of art. Language gives a person power to communicate adequately. By Daniel Foe suppressing and omitting part of Susan’s story does an immense disservice to what she, in reality, wants to communicate. Lack of proper and/or appropriate language skills and knowledge can also be a significant impediment (Caracciolo 105). This is the case with Susan when she is frustrated by Foe for choosing to incorporate the truth about her, but feeling the book bibliography with fiction. Susan’s case highlights the power of language because, if she was well equipped with proper writing skills, she would have been in a better position to write her own story. In her frustration, she attempts to write the story herself but fails due to her lack of proper writing skills. Through the character of Susan, Coetzee is highlighting the plight of the voiceless. Since Susan cannot communicate well, she is left helpless, thus representing the people in society who cannot be heard because of their incapability to communicate effectively (McGrath 1). Foe, on the other hand, represents the people who tyrannize the underprivileged by downplaying their issues resu lting in them not being heard at all. Using the theme of language, Coetzee brings out the plight of those who are oppressed because of their language handicap and the oppressors like Daniel Foe who ensures that the oppressed remain downtrodden. Coetzee uses another character, Friday, to further the theme of language in his book. He is said to be mute because, according to his master Crusoe, his tongue was chopped off by his previous master. This can be interpreted to show the extend oppressors would go to silence the marginalized in the society. Cutting off his tongue totally stops and impairs the downtrodden such as Friday form speaking or having a say in matters concerning or affecting them (Woelert 118). The writer being from South Africa may through these characters be highlighting the brutality of the Apartheid system. It can be construed as a way that those in authority used to silence the minority. His inability to speak because his tongue was cut off by his colonial masters totally limits his language communication skills and ability. Friday brings to mind not only the plight of the Africans in South Africa, but also the unvoiced oppressed people in the society. Crusoe is another character in the novel whose refusal to talk about his past can be seen as to portray Coetzee’s language theme on non verbal communication. He is in a position to tell his story but instead chooses not to in comparison to Friday who if given a chance may be willing

John Stuart Mill and Liberty. How morality is related to liberty Essay

John Stuart Mill and Liberty. How morality is related to liberty - Essay Example Before discussing the justification of liberty, we would talk about the idea behind liberty and how Mill links liberty to morality1. 'On Liberty' published in 1859 presented not only a philosophy of history and transition but demonstrated his understanding on political and religious developments, and emphasises upon the role of liberty in justifying free development of true philosophic action in England. Comte, while looking at Mill's theologies based on logic, points out that precautions presented by Mill to exercise freedom are unnecessary in France, where he is able to use his public lectures on astronomy as a vehicle to eliminate completely all theological philosophy, even in its simple form of deism, and finally to reduce all moral and social doctrines to rational positivism (Raeder, 2002, p. 56). 'On Liberty' demonstrates Mill's understanding of freedom, as he considered freedom of discussion to be an effective means by which to undermine traditional beliefs, especially theological and religious beliefs and even those where public opinion prevents any real discussion2. Miller was well aware of the fact that lies a significant relationship between freedom of speech, expression and instruction and the erosion of traditional belief. Perspectives of Nature Traditions, beliefs and human morals engages directly with what Mill has mentioned in the late 1850s, as 'nature' and it is because of this nature that humanity suffers through catastrophe, disease and death. Thus it is all interrelated as the distinct attributes of nature which humans disapprove in the name of conservatism and religious fatalism. In order to secure his school of thought, Mill presents two distinct uses of the term 'nature' (Gerson, 2002). The first stance presents a broad and neutral milieu with a more specific and evaluative analysis which states that nature is identical with the entire universe as well as the principles that are followed in the world. Those principles are scientific in nature and fulfills the logic behind natural phenomenons that takes place within our society. For instance, the nature of earthquake is destruction, the nature of volcanoes is to alleviate materialism from the world and so on. Since all human organisms are abide by nature's laws no one can dare to challenge the mother nature as long as he or she stays confined to the universe or as long as human affairs stay within nature's boundaries. Of course an individual must obey the laws of equilibrium to avoid being a victim to the law of gravity or we can say that by following the laws of gravity, one is socially adhere to the physical and biological laws and not by any means can challenge to escape from them. The second school of thought that supports nature is that since society is bound to obey what nature has reserved for it, human beings are themselves certain 'objects' of nature that are unable to deviate from nature. In other words, nature welcomes humanity to understand in context with human will and action. This indicates behind every idea of nature is the involvement of human intention which may serve as the basis for a social agenda. A clear notion is that no one on the earth can claim to be superior to the nature, or there is nothing outside nature and its laws and that, no human being has ever been given a choice to make distinctions between likes and dislikes of nature or to avoid any natural act. Thus Mill defends mother nature with that of human nature, that nature in any form does not ask a human to adopt or reject its principles, for it is a default option that requires no human decision making options and entails no evaluative consequences. How morality is related to liberty Enclosed within

Strategic management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words - 1

Strategic management - Essay Example Organizations can achieve success only when their productions, its brand image, reach and in total its profit reaches the upper echelons. The organizations can achieve all these above mentioned objectives, when it has good and importantly quality products or services to offer, then effective distribution strategies, good expansion strategies and finally optimal Leadership. All these aspects, if formulated and implemented effectively can elevate any organization, but if these aspects are not put into operation, the survival and success of the organization will be doubtful. So, this paper will analyze how the organization of Thorntons implemented all these above mentioned aspects or strategies from its origin to the year 2000 and from 2000 to the present day Thorntons, the largest manufacturer and retailer of specialist chocolates in United Kingdom, was founded by Joseph Thornton in 1911. His two sons, Norman Thornton and Stanley Thornton started working in the shop and aided him in retailing, devising recipes, and in the manufacturing process. The combined work of the family members provided their business a good impetus. Good flow of customers increased their profits and also their visibility, so they named their business after their family name. To increase their range of chocolate products, Stanley and Norman Thornton visited Switzerland in 1953. There they intend to find a good chocolate maker, who could make original and tasty chocolates. They visited Basle School for Swiss Chocolatiers and there they found Walter Willen, a capable student who only created some of the original recipes for Thorntons’ Continental chocolates. The Continental chocolate is the product range that was to become the largest-selling specialist assor tment of chocolates in the UK. After functioning for more than half a century at Sheffield, Thorntons moved to a purpose built modern food and chocolate production facility at

Impact of Human Expansion on Wetland Areas

Impact of Human Expansion on Wetland Areas Human exploitation damaged a lot of wetland areas. Expansion of settlements and agricultural lands affets wetland directly and spoils the natural form of particular wetlands. Bhindawas and Tal Chhapar also faces some challenges and altered by man with some natural degardational factors. The impacts of various factors are described here. Loss of Habitat: Dense forest is scarce in Tal Chhapar and Bhindawas wetland areas. Most of avifauna and wildlife needs dense forest as their habitat to secure food and shelter in these wetland areas. Dense forest provides safe habitation for Blackbucks and Nilgai’s to hide themselves from predators. Blackbucks migrates in the Tal Chhapar wetland, in the day time for their feeding and during night to save themselves from foxes and other predators, mainly stray dogs who enters the sanctuary after chasing calves, older and other ill Blackbucks in the sanctuary. These animals migrate to eastern parts of the Tal Chhapar which is covered with dense woody vegetation than the western part of the wetland but these animals’ moves towards western parts of the sanctuary or outside the sanctuary for their food as the core of the wetland is covered with sewan and other nutritious grasses. Fencing around the sanctuary protect these animals but these animals face difficult to find an entry after sunse t and they falls prey to stray dogs outside the wetland area of some times killed by vehicular movement on the road which passes through the Tal Chhapar as well as its boundary also encroached by road made by Public Works Department of Rajasthan. In the western side the wildlife faces heavy dumpers and loaded trucks while central encompassing road dominated by buses, trucks and other fast moving vehicles while the eastern side road is followed by jeeps, motorcycles with blowing pressure horns. Eradication of Juliflora plant in the western side also pose a threat to Blackbucks as they move outside the sanctuary area and forget the path after sunset. These animals chase by stray dogs from Surwas and Chadwas villages outside the wetland area. They cannot enter the sanctuary area due to fencing and dig walls around the Tal and constructed wall in the northern side of the wetland. Wild Boer also face the similar situation, these animals feels safe in grassy area but they cannot stay at a safe point as Blackbuck moves freely in this area. Wild Boer avoids thick woody area as they make their habitat in the tall grassland in the core area. Spiny tailed lizards live in the open patches of the eastern side area of wetland close to Devani village. Spiny tailed lizards also eaten by Monitor lizards and Cobra snakes. Reptiles are killed by vehicular movement as they move mainly during night towards eastern side for their food. Spiny tailed lizard’s falls prey to foxes also due to open patches in the eastern side of the wetland. Many migratory birds come here during winter for their breeding season. This avifauna resides in colonies mainly in the extremes of western side or open forest area outside the sanctuary area. The wild animals exhibit phenomenon of local migration within the sanctuary and to neighboring areas. The migration is mostly for water, but some times animals migrate for food also. During summer the wildlife migrates and confine near the water holes. The carnivores migrate out.,side / the sanctuary area, during night. Few migratory birds also visit the area and leave it again in late February. Migration of exotic fauna is regular phenomena in the sanctuary. Most of bird and animal species always like dense forest for their habitat for much availability of food and safety point of view. Due to lack of dense forest there is very less plant and animal species founding the sanctuary. 1. Various type of habitat There are basically four types of the habitat in the sanctuary. On the basis of topographical considerations and it has been classified as under (a) Soil habitat (b) Grassland habitat (c) Aquatic habitat (d) Rocky habitat (e) Other habitat (a)Soil Habitat Bhindawas wetland is part of Indo- gangetic plain under South- West Haryana Sandy areas in Jhajjar district of Haryana. Soil habitat lies on outer side of main lake boundary where water could not reach even in the monsson season. Soil habitat area is an open space, used by Nilgai, Chinkaras, reptiles, small insects, rats and other creatures who lives beneath the soil cover. Tal Chhapar sanctuary falls in Indian thar desert where wind erosion is common feature, like other deserts, high velocity of wind shift the sand dunes. The sand dunes are also found in and around the sanctuary. A long range of dunes having near southern periphery of the sanctuary. The sandy habitat is liked by chinkara, Reptiles, lizards, Rodents and many beetles of desert. (b) Grassland habitat Unlike other desert of the world, Indian Thar Desert bears comparatively high density of flora and fauna. Grasses like Sevan, Dhaman, dhob, mothia etc. are found on plane area of the sanctuary. The Grassy habitat is suitable for black buck the black buck takes grasses like Lana, luni and lender shoots of ber, ker etc. The habitat also helps wildlife by providing them food, shelter and place for reproduction. Saline soils of Tal Chhapar area reduce chances of the development of trees and sewan grasses but places having fresh sand deposition are occupied by grass species. The patches with high salinity remain barren. Plant of prosopis julie flora are gradually coming of the saline and gravel soil, if Julie flora plant are not controlled properly then the whole area may be occupied gradually by these plants, which will make the habitat unsuitable for other species to-grow there. Grassland habitat in Bhindawas wetland dominated by small creatures only. These are actually water fens and weeds which prohibits other wildllives to make their shelter. Rodents, ants and other beetles survive in these areas. (c) Aquatic habitat Bhindawas wetland is typical aquatic habitat for many water birds and water snakes, fishes, tortoise etc. Main lake provides a strong and safe habitat for all aquatic life. Large water bodies are perfered by fishes and water snakes. It protect these creatures from heat and dust at the time of â€Å"Loo† and from illegal hunters too. Water maintains an optimum water temperature which is crucial for aquatic life. In and around the sanctuary have many small nadies and salt mines. The saline water remains in these nadies for a longer time. These scattered salt lakes form aquatic habitat, which attracts many species of animals and birds. Presently there are four Talabs and two Talabs are located in the sanctuary and another two are located in the periphery of the sanctuary. The degree of water salinity varies from water hole to water hole. Out of these four water holes, the Nadi situated on the junction of Bikaner-Chhapar and Chhapar-Sujangarh roads, is having comparatively less domestic animal of surrounding villages. As mentioned earlier the Tal Chhapar sanctuary is located in a depressed zone with a poor drainage system. Due to bad drainage pattern water gets accumulated, in the depression and that water lasts for a considerable long period. Among common aquatic fauna found in and around these lake are cattle Ergot, small ergot, Pond heron, black winged stilt, King fisher, common crane etc. (d)Rocky habitat `There is no rocky habitat in Bhindawas wetland. It is a plain saucer shaped depression filled with water and dominated by weeds and tress. Gravels exposed rocks; small hillocks and magra land are found in the western desert. The hillocks with low height are three i.e. towards gopalpur Chadwas villages. This habitat with inter spread grassy patches is suitable for hares, partridges and carnivorous species like fox, jackal etc. (e)Other habitat Tal Chhapar sanctuary is a species specific habitat for some mammals. The santuary is a home for the black buck. Well stocked population of black buck, in a compacted area of 719 hectare, shows that the habitat is suitable for this species. Though other wild animals are also found in the area but their population is still very less and the population trend is not towards increase. Open patches in water bodies are prefect place for basking in the winter season and are used by avifauna for breeding, mainly migratory birds in Bhindawas wetland. Habitat Change: There is consensus among intellegentia and even local pepole in considering habitat change and fragmentation of habitat as one of the major threatening factor for wildlife, bird and reptiles at the global scale. Habitat change causes by expansion of exotic species in water and over the land in Bhindawas. Polluted water of drain no. 8 mixes with wetland water affects fish species too. Toxicity of water from drain no. 8 kills fishes near outlet of wetland, ultimately forest department does not forward fishing activity near the drain. Expansion of water hyacinth and othe exotic weeds forbid birds to sit on open patches of land. Sedimentation by canal water reduces open areas which are uses by birds as breeding sites. Conversion of forest land into waterbodies destroys shelter of Nilgai and other animals in the wetland. Now these animals take refuge in Prosopis juliflora plants. There is migration of blackbucks from western part of Tal Chhapar to eastern parts in the night as lack of thick forested patches in the western parts pose them to stray dogs in the night, for safety puposes these animals moves to small thick areas dominated by large trees. The large-scale effects of habitat alteration produced by oil-industry related pollution on the habitat use of four species of freshwater turtles (Pelusios castaneus, Pelusios niger, Pelomedusa subrufa, Trionyx triunguis) were studied in the River Niger Delta, southern Nigeria (West Africa) between 1996 and 2004 was studied by Luca Luiselli, Godfrey C. Akani and E. Politano (2006). Decrease in Carrying Capacity: Carrying capacity of a wetland is a measure of the ecological, hydrological, biochemical processes and its ability to support entire ecosystem and biodiversity.Carrying capacity defines as support to ecosystem of a wetland without damaging productivity of the wetland and habitats within it. Availability, requirement and production of resources to sustain its ecosystem on any wetland is real determinant to describe carrying capacity of the wetland. To assess carrying capacity, a long term study requires over any wetland but there are changes in land use pattern, species of avian fauna, numbers of wildlife and sources of poin based with non point sources of pollution also helps to determine carrying capacity of both wetlands. Guangwei Huang and Masahiko Isobe (2012) developed a method to quantify the carrying capacity of a water body with regard to massive waterfowl was developed through the study of five wetlands that are used as the wintering ground by a large number of waterfowl in Japan. It takes into consideration water depth, retention time, and in-lake phosphorus concentration. For one of the sites, Sakata Lagoon, which is a registered Ramsar wetland in Japan, the assessment of its carrying capacity suggests that the number of waterfowl should be reduced by half to sustain the water quality of this wetland. Available nutrients in water and soil of Bhindawas wetland indicate carrying capacity of the wetland. This wetland supports vegetation of different types but infestation by water hyacinth destroys other water plants which can not compete with exotic species to survive in the wetland. The situation presents that carrying capacity of wetland has been decreased. Numbers of migratory birds also less than Khaparwas sanctuary which is smaller than Bhindawas wetland also indicate carrying capacity of the research site. Tal Chhapar is a small area, preserving its carrying capacity with limited available natural resources. Open lands has been converted into grassland and some tree patches to support blackbucks in the sanctuary area. Total counts of wildlife and other reptiles are contantly same during study period. Supportive system provided by forest staff like water availability during drought period, purchase of fodder for minor or injured wildlife manages it carrying capacity more or less. Impact on Wildlife: The wildlife face a spread of disease particularly herbivores from outside livestock as these animals moves outside the sanctuary area for fresh and nutritious food like green leaves in kankars (lush green vegetation line to demarcate boundary between villages and major revenue fields). These Blackbuck mixes with domesticated livestock and get infected with disease which are not prone to their co- habited wildlife in the wetland area. Fencing with in wetland obstructed free movement og wildlife of Tal Chhapr. Mid way fencing pose threat to animals as they falls into dig walls or may struck into fenced wires of Forest department. The passing through road, connecting Bikaner with Sujangarh cuases severe loss to wildlife mainly reptiles as well as Blackbucks, Nilgai and Wild Boers. Degradation of the Catchment Area: Capacity of the wetland catchment areas to intercept, process and to store water is influenced by many factors including time and amount of precipitation, land use, vegetation, topographic relief, soil type, temperature and ground water connection. Catchment areas of Tal Chhapar wetland that includes Chhapar, Chadwas, Gopalpura, Rampura, Devani and Surwas villages, in the last ten years the open land has been converted into built up areas. Built up areas means constructions of petrol pumps, roads in the periphery of sanctuary, establishment of a stone qurrying and stone cutting small scale industry and mushrooming of road side dhabas on NH 65. All these activities degarades catchment areas of the wetland which depends on rainfall water and on rivulet channel from Gopalpura hills. But this water pollutes by salt plant which are situated in western parts of Tal Chhapar. Rajasthan government has issued NOC to a big stone qurrying industry in Chadwas village which may disturb ecosystem o f the Tal areas. Bhindawas is surrounded by 12 villages, mostly dominated ny agricultural castes, those practices intensive cultivation that requires heavy fertilizers, pesticides, fungicides and water consuming put pressure of these polluters in nearby areas of the lake. Due to leaching of water and salinisation of waterlogged areas outside the embankments mixing of residues of pesticides and urea is going on. All these practices degrades catchment areas as well as wetland areas and pressure on wetland ecosystem. Sometimes blackbukcs and peopcocks go out of wetland for their food and consume pesticide infested crops and that cause their death. Land Conversion: Open land has been converted into built up areas in the catchment areas of Tal Chhapar. Main cause of this conversion is developmental activities in the area. Construction of road from Rampura to Surwas via Devani has done, land of Forest department was taken for this purpose, this land was under buffer zone area in the southern part of the Tal. This small land conversion for the road allows heavy trucks to carry mud qurries, stone from Gopalpura area and salt from the vicinity of sanctuary. These heavy trucks kill blackbucks while they comes from fields or goes at the time of road crossing. Snakes, lizard particulary spiny tailed which has medicinal as well as ecological value smashed under loaded heavy vechiles on Bikaner- Sujangarh road and Rampura – Surwas road. Some grassland was taken by Prosopis juliflora plants but now these plants have been removed from those areas. Bhindawas wetland does not face land conversion from its land area but with in wetland there is change in land use pattern which is also harmful. Forestland occupied by waterbodies and grassland while waterbodies converted into grassland. This type of land conversion directly affects migratory bird as it swallow small patches of land, a breeding and basking site. Wetland Exploitation: Wetlands in semi – arid or arid area are those ecozones which offer good ecological conditions with high productive potentials and divergent conditions to exploit. Since civilizations wetlands uses by man for their needs either in the form of food or clothes. Exploitation of wetlands passes through different stages from Early Neolithic period. Man uses wetlands from subsistence food gathering to exploitative axing of trees to make big ships. These wetlands are considered as excellent bases for exploitation from fishing to high end products in the international market. Nature and intensity of wetland exploitation depends on its location and richness in biodiversity. Apart from agricultural exploitation, early medieval wetlands may have provided important additional resources of fish, shellfish, and waterfowl, their abundance mainly dependent on the primary productivity (e.g. Prummel 1983). In addition, the importance of salt production in coastal and estuarine areas is well att ested. (e.g. Besteman1 974;Adshead 1992). Tal Chhapar wetland was used by local people for grazing their small animals before its taken over by the Rajasthan government. After completion of fencing work, local people take other alternates for their fuelwood and grazing of small animals. Some people took Spiny tailed lizard from the sanctuary area for their valuable oil but forest department put an end on all this type activities. Bhindawas wetland was constructed after repetition of floods and construction of Jawahar Lal Nehru canal in Haryana. This wetland was notified as a protected forest area by Haryana government to store flood water oor excess water during Monsoon time. People exploitate Bhindawas wetland for grazing animals including cow, buffalos, sheep and goats. These people take fuelwood for their homes. Sometime farmers extract water for their crops. Bhindawas and Tal Chhapar wetland are International Bird Area (IBA) sited for bird watching, mainly migratory birds. Hunting/ Poaching: The primary association between hunters and wetland environments was clearly linked with hunting till Nineteenth century but it is still prevalent in developing countries. Some tribes in Indian states earn their livelihood from hunting in wetland areas. But Indian government banned hunting and other activities associated with it. But there are some tribes in Rajasthan state and few notorious communities are living near the wetland areas in Haryana. Tal Chhapar area is dominting by animal worshiping communities, so there is rare chance of hunting or poaching happens in Tal or any adjoing areas. Bilochpura is a near by village to Bhindawas wetland. Some persons engaged in hunting but these people perform their hunting activity during night time only.

No Clear Answer Concerning the Decriminalization of Prostitution Essay

No Clear Answer Concerning the Decriminalization of Prostitution To decriminalize or not to decriminalize? That is the question people in the United States and other nations have been asking themselves for decades. Many countries, including Costa Rica, Italy, Norway, and Singapore, do legally sanction certain forms of prostitution, and some find it odd that a nation like the United States, which prides itself so heavily on the principle of individual liberty, would forbid any type of activity between two consenting adults. Nonetheless, countless Americans find the prospect of legal prostitution offensive to their ideals concerning traditional moralism, sex, or womanhood. While morality debates may rage on, it does seem rather strange that almost all state governments in the U.S. still prohibit what seems to be a harmless, victimless activity. The truth is, though, that prostitution is not as harmless or victimless as it seems. In fact, all too often the women involved in the trade are not even working out of their own free will. Aside from the brutal realities of forced prostitution, other problems lurk beneath the surface, as well; but could the harm associated with prostitution be alleviated through decriminalization? It is impossible to know for certain exactly what would happen were legal prostitution a reality, but in order to effectively evaluate the consequences of such a change, the potential dangers and benefits must be considered. First of all, with legality, prostitution would become safer for both the client and the prostitute. There could very easily be a government registration system through which prostitutes could get a license, the monthly or weekly renewal of which would require health check-ups. S... ...oral sphere, the answers are largely subjective and based on personal feelings rather than on the objective reality of the world. The fact remains that there are people who are willing to buy and sell sexual pleasure, and a better question to ask is, what is the best way of managing these transactions that will result in the least possible harm and the most possible benefit? While there is no clear answer, it is clear that the spread of sexually transmitted diseases and the perpetuation forced or abusive labor could be diminished significantly with the decriminalization of prostitution. If the government, however, is not willing to fight the greatest evils associated with the business--the trafficking and forced labor of women and girls--these problems would likely grow worse with legalization, thus making it better for the United States to keep its current policy. No Clear Answer Concerning the Decriminalization of Prostitution Essay No Clear Answer Concerning the Decriminalization of Prostitution To decriminalize or not to decriminalize? That is the question people in the United States and other nations have been asking themselves for decades. Many countries, including Costa Rica, Italy, Norway, and Singapore, do legally sanction certain forms of prostitution, and some find it odd that a nation like the United States, which prides itself so heavily on the principle of individual liberty, would forbid any type of activity between two consenting adults. Nonetheless, countless Americans find the prospect of legal prostitution offensive to their ideals concerning traditional moralism, sex, or womanhood. While morality debates may rage on, it does seem rather strange that almost all state governments in the U.S. still prohibit what seems to be a harmless, victimless activity. The truth is, though, that prostitution is not as harmless or victimless as it seems. In fact, all too often the women involved in the trade are not even working out of their own free will. Aside from the brutal realities of forced prostitution, other problems lurk beneath the surface, as well; but could the harm associated with prostitution be alleviated through decriminalization? It is impossible to know for certain exactly what would happen were legal prostitution a reality, but in order to effectively evaluate the consequences of such a change, the potential dangers and benefits must be considered. First of all, with legality, prostitution would become safer for both the client and the prostitute. There could very easily be a government registration system through which prostitutes could get a license, the monthly or weekly renewal of which would require health check-ups. S... ...oral sphere, the answers are largely subjective and based on personal feelings rather than on the objective reality of the world. The fact remains that there are people who are willing to buy and sell sexual pleasure, and a better question to ask is, what is the best way of managing these transactions that will result in the least possible harm and the most possible benefit? While there is no clear answer, it is clear that the spread of sexually transmitted diseases and the perpetuation forced or abusive labor could be diminished significantly with the decriminalization of prostitution. If the government, however, is not willing to fight the greatest evils associated with the business--the trafficking and forced labor of women and girls--these problems would likely grow worse with legalization, thus making it better for the United States to keep its current policy.